Quick Guide: spring, hardy, semi-shade, height: 10cm/4in, width: 15cm/6in

For a cool, semi-shaded position, there are few alpine plants to better the diminutive species primulas. With primrose-like flowers in subtle shades of pink and lilac as well as white, these hardy perennials also look attractive in old stone troughs.

GROWING Plant between autumn and spring in well-drained, humus-rich, gritty soil. Species vary in their precise requirements.

PROPAGATION Divide after flowering and replant immediately. Primula auricula may be raised from 2.5cm/1 in cuttings taken in summer.

SPECIES P. frondosa (above), rosette of grey-green leaves, each flower stem bearing up to 30 rose-pink flowers, needs a moist position; P. clarkei, only 5cm/2in high, bright pink flowers 1cm 3/4in across appear while the pale green leaves are unfolding; P. reidii, unusual bell-shaped flowers, white, fragrant, late spring; P.r. `Williamsii' bears blue, more fragrant flowers; P. auricula, 15cm/6in high, umbels of long-lived yellow or purple flowers. Several fine varieties available including `The Mikado', dark red, and `Blue Fire'. P. juliae, low-growing, reddish-purple flowers; numerous excellent varieties including `Snow Cushion', white, dwarf; `Wanda', wine-red, flowers mid-winter; `Our Pat', double dark crimson flowers.

POSSIBLE PROBLEMS Virus diseases, grey mould, rot.